Treatment
Options for Melasma
Melasma,
also known as cholasma, is characterized by irregular
patches of dark skin on the face. These tan or brown patches
usually occur symmetrically on the cheeks, upper lip,
nose, or forehead. The symmetry of melasma distinguishes
it from other conditions that cause darkening of the skin.
Melasma
is a common condition and is found more often in women.
Those with darker skin types (including Indians, Hispanics,
Middle-Easterners, and North Africans) are more prone
to melasma than those with lighter complexions.
Within
a patch of melasma, pigment producing cells (called melanocytes)
are increased in number and each melanocyte produces more
pigment (called melanin). Increased melanin in the skin
leads to the tan or brown coloration.
The
cause of melasma is not fully understood. However, genetics,
hormonal changes, and sun exposure are known to play important
roles. For example, melasma often occurs with pregnancy,
hence the term “mask of pregnancy.” Oral contraceptives
can also trigger melasma.
Melasma
causes irregular tan, brown, or even blue/black patches
on parts of the face including cheeks, forehead, nose,
chin, jaw line, and upper lip. It is most often symmetrical
(matching on both sides of the face).
Although
there are some diseases that cause similar changes in
the skin, melasma itself has no association with internal
disease.
Frequently
Asked Questions
•
What causes melasma?
Melasma is a common skin disorder. Though it can affect
anyone, women with darker skin tones (especially Hispanic,
Asian, Indian, and Middle Eastern) are at greatest risk.
Melasma can be associated with the female hormones estrogen
and progesterone. It is especially common in pregnant
women, women who are taking oral contraceptives, and women
taking hormone replacement therapy during menopause. The
use of cosmetics is associated with melasma but the relationship
between the two is not understood. Sun exposure is strongly
associated with melasma.
•
What
are the symptoms of melasma?
Melasma has no associated symptoms.
•
What
does melasma look like?
Melasma causes irregular tan, brown, or even blue/black
patches on parts of the face including cheeks, forehead,
nose, chin, jaw line, and upper lip. It is most often
symmetrical (matching on both sides of the face).
•
How
is the diagnosis of melasma made?
Your physician can usually diagnose melasma based upon
the appearance of your skin. Your physician may want to
examine your skin with a Wood’s lamp to help guide
treatment.
•
Melasma
Treatments
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